America is facing an assault on our democracy, carried out by the Court’s supermajority, led by Chief Justice John Roberts, and lower court judges, reported the Washington Monthly. Democrats must respond to this attack, no matter their nominee, even if the Court is out of the headlines with its term concluded earlier this month. We’re glad to see reports that President Biden will soon propose term limits and a binding ethics code for Supreme Court justices.
It’s time. In February 2017, shortly after Trump took
office, The Washington Post, which first reported the Biden-Harris looming
reforms, adopted its slogan: “Democracy
dies in darkness.” But democracy can die in broad daylight.
Witness Federal
District Court Judge Aileen Cannon casting aside long-standing precedents this
week to rule that the appointment of Special Counsel Jack Smith is
unconstitutional in the Mar-a-Lago documents case over which she’s presiding in
Florida. Then there’s the Supreme
Court’s stunning decision this month finding the president virtually immune
from prosecution. The opinion, authored by Roberts, may scuttle the
remaining federal and state cases against Trump, even if Trump loses the
election. In New York State, where Trump was convicted on 34 felony counts
related to his hush money and election interference scheme, sentencing has been
delayed because of the Court’s ruling and may never be carried out.
It’s a familiar but still trenchant observation: There is
nothing “conservative” about the Court’s supermajority. It is radical and
untethered by conservative respect for precedent or the historic prerogatives
of branches besides the executive.
While the Court issued questionable decisions when Chief
Justices Warren Burger and William Rehnquist led it—Bush
v. Gore—it never strayed so far from respecting constitutional consensus as
it has under Roberts,
despite his posture as an institutionalist only interested in “calling balls
and strikes.”
Things changed in 2005 when President George W. Bush
nominated, and the Senate confirmed Roberts and Samuel Alito to the Court. It
created a 5-4 precedent-smashing majority that discovered a Second Amendment
right to private ownership of guns (District
of Columbia v. Heller, 2008), equated money and speech in extremis (Citizens
United v. Federal Election Commission, 2010), and invalidated the
pre-clearance requirements of the Voting Rights Act which Congress had almost
unanimously extended. (Shelby
County v. Holder, 2013) Thanks to Senate Republican Leader Mitch
McConnell’s manipulation of the confirmation process to confirm Trump’s three
nominees—Neil Gorsuch, Brett Kavanaugh, and Amy Coney Barrett—the 5-4 Court
wielding a sledgehammer became the 6-3 radical court swinging a wrecking ball.
Although the Trumpified Court’s abortion and presidential
immunity decisions received the most attention, equally radical are its
evisceration of the ability of states and localities to regulate guns,
elimination of affirmative action in university admissions, and reversal of the
40-year precedent requiring deference to administrative agencies when statutes
are ambiguous. So, too, were its decisions breaching the wall between church
and state where even the flimsiest claim of religious liberty sent the justices
running to grant a license to discriminate.
“The least dangerous branch,”—Alexander Hamilton’s famous
description of the courts—has become the most dangerous, even without the sword
or purse.
Trump and McConnell gave us this Supreme Court supermajority
to change our country in ways that would be difficult to undo. Taking a victory
lap when Barrett was confirmed days before the 2020 presidential election,
McConnell boasted: “A
lot of what we have done over the last four years will be undone sooner or
later by the next election. They won’t be able to do much about this for a
long time.”
He’s right. The Constitutional five-alarm fire lit by the
Supreme Court supermajority illuminates the only way to respond to this attack
on democracy. Whoever the Democrats nominate in Chicago must fiercely
counterattack the Supreme Court, putting it front and center in their
presidential campaign. They must detail the damage done and offer a clear
response. The voters must know that if they elect a Democratic president and a
Democratic Congress—very big “if”s, to be sure—the chief executive will fight
to enlarge the Supreme Court from nine to 13 members, impose term limits on the
justices, and pass a binding ethics code.
The case for these changes has been compelling for many
years. Of the advanced democracies, America has the smallest number of jurists
on its high court. We
also have the only high court whose members are not constrained by age or term
limits. Their replacement is a matter of the vicissitudes of death and
resignation rather than any predictable timetable, leaving some one-term
presidents like Trump with three nominations and others, like Jimmy Carter,
with none.
Ignoring this antiquated and arbitrary system was possible
when the Court commanded widespread respect. That is no longer the case, and
“we the people” need not stand by while six justices remake our country, some
while enriching themselves. When the Civil
Rights Act neared passage in the summer of 1964, a very different
Senate Republican leader, Everett
Dirksen, who backed Lyndon Johnson’s historic legislation, quoted the French
novelist Victor Hugo: “Nothing is more powerful than an idea whose time has
come.” The next Democratic president needs to act on that truth.
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